with的结构与with 复合结构

【知识点1】with复合结构

1.构成： with+宾语+非谓语/adj/adv/prep, 常译为“伴随着”“由于”

2.用法：

(1) with+宾语+现在分词，现在分词与前面的宾语之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行。

We reached the village easily with the boy leading the way.

有男孩引路，我们很容易就到达了那个村庄。

With his classmates cheering for him , he became the first to get to the finishing line.在同学们的欢呼声中，他第一个到达终点。

(2). with+宾语+过去分词，过去分词与宾语之间是被动关系，表示动作完成。

With the problems solved, he was relieved. 问题解决了，他如释重负。

With his homework finished ahead of time, he was allowed to watch TV.

作业提前做完了，他被允许看电视。

(3). with+宾语+to do不定式, 不定式与宾语可以用主动表示被动关系，表示将来动作。

With so much homework to do, he can’t go out to play.

有这么多功课要做，他不能出去玩。

With no one to turn to, he felt very upset.

由于没有人可求助，他感到非常沮丧。

(4). with+宾语+形容词，形容词表示宾语所处的状态。

She sat beside the window, with her face pale. 她坐在窗边，脸色苍白。

He went out in a hurry, with the door open. 他急匆匆地出去了，门开着。

(5) .with+宾语+副词，副词表示宾语所处的状态。

A boy stood outside the classroom, with his head down.

一个男孩站在教室外面，低着头。

With the meeting over, all the students went back to the classroom.

会议结束了，所有的学生回了教室。

(6).with+宾语+介词短语

With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply.

心理忐忑不安，我深深地吸了一口气。

With a book in his hand, the teacher entered the classroom.

手里拿着一本书，老师进了教室。

【知识点2】with做介词的含义

① in the company or presence of sb/sth 和…在一起；和；同；跟

I have a client with me right now. 我现在有个客户。

a nice steak with a bottle of red wine一份美味牛排再加上一瓶红葡萄酒

② having or carrying sth 有；具有；带有

a girl with (= who has) red hair 一位红发女郎

He looked at her with a hurt expression. 他带着受伤害的神情看着她。

③ using sth 用；使用；以；借

Cut it with a knife.用刀把它切开。

④ used to say what fills, covers, etc. sth （表示以某物填充、覆盖等）

The bag was stuffed with dirty clothes. 袋子里塞满了脏衣服。

⑤in opposition to sb/sth; against sb/sth 与…对立；反对

  at war with a neighbouring country与邻国交战

I had an argument with my boss.我跟老板吵了一架。

【知识点3】

区别: with+宾语+非谓语/adj/adv/prep/n, 常译为“伴随着”“由于”

with+宾语.结构 常译为“带有”“用” “和”

With no one to talk to, John felt unhappy. 因为没有人一起说话（表示原因）

The boys stood there with his head down. 低着头 （表示伴随）

He falls asleep with the light on. 灯开着（表示伴随）

He lived a luxurious life, with his old father a beggar. 让老父亲乞讨（表示伴随）

Something the survivors do with their thoughts helps them find the courage. (用)

His life boat was broken with a hole. (有)

【高考考向】

主要考查：with的复合结构，以及with做介词时候的在语法填空中的用法。

           with的复合结构，在书面表达中的熟练运用可以让句子表达更加高级。

考查形式：语法填空，短文改错，书面表达

【练习】

请写出划线的with或with复合结构在以下例句中的含义

1. The mini camps put kids into small groups with instructors, giving them the chance to interact with other kids.       _______________

2. We need someone with new ideas.       _______________

3. People with plenty of money can afford to shop here.  _______________

4. They do something with their minds to help them find the courage to carry on. _______________

5. It will help get through the rough spots with a little more determination. _______________

6. People with only a few friends were as happy as those with far more if many of theirs were online.           _______________

7. He has never given in to his fate as his love for basketball grows deeper in a body with a physical limitation.         _______________

8. An internet café serves as a bank of computers with high-speed internet access. _______________

9. The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.    _______________

10. I saw a tray with a bowl of salad sitting on top of the counter.  _______________

11. With much work _______ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. ______________

12. I can not go out with all these dishes ________ (wash).      ______________

【学生学情分析】

学生基础薄弱，做题时不能准确地判断with复合结构中的动词形式，造成时非谓语的失分。或者有的时候会把with复合结构和with做介词结构混淆。应强调常考点，教会学生看考点，找区别。

撰文：邵芳净

图片：无

审核：丁劲松

上传：杨佳顺